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modals of deduction
Modals of deduction
Related language points
modal auxiliary verbs - generalshould have (done)
should
would - unreal situations
can
could
must
General use of modal verbs of deduction
We can use certain modal auxiliary verbs to make deductions, i.e. to make guesses based on known facts.
We can make deductions about the present :
'Where's Joanna?'
'She's not here. She must be in the kitchen.'
We can also make deductions about the past :
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Deductions dominoes (present time)
B1-B2
29-30 mins
groups: 3-4
Possibility in the past - speaking
B1-B2
Possibility - dominoes grammar game - extended version
B1-B2
Expressing degrees of certainty - reference sheet
B1-B2
Future certainty
B1-B2
Deductions dominoes (present and past)
B1-B2
Modals of deduction quiz 1
Ten-question multiple-choice quiz on modals of deduction in the present and past.
Ten-question multiple-choice quiz on modals of deduction in the present and past.
Modals of deduction in the present
Fifteen-question multiple-choice quiz on modals of deduction in the present.
Fifteen-question multiple-choice quiz on modals of deduction in the present.
Unit 14 Review 2 Page 132
Unit 10 Genius Pages 92 - 93
Modals of deduction in present and past: describing and nterpreting paintings.
Modals of deduction in present and past: describing and nterpreting paintings.
Advanced Communication Games
22 Elementary, my dear Watson Page 22
Students read clue cards and make deductions to solve a murder
Students read clue cards and make deductions to solve a murder
39 - 40 Modal verbs - deduction present and past Pages 39 - 40
(39) Gap fill. Deductions about pictures showing places (40) Gap fill. Deductions based on given information.
(39) Gap fill. Deductions about pictures showing places (40) Gap fill. Deductions based on given information.
29 - Detective work Page 29
Card game. Small groups. Past perfect Past simple Language for making deductions. Murder-solving game with clue cards.
Card game. Small groups. Past perfect Past simple Language for making deductions. Murder-solving game with clue cards.
30 - Suggestive shapes Page 30
Picture ordering game. Deductions; Looks like. Students descibe and makes guesses about abstract shapes.
Picture ordering game. Deductions; Looks like. Students descibe and makes guesses about abstract shapes.
Close-ups 2 page 26 Page 26
Close up pictures of everyday objects. Objects listed below.Ss must say,'It oould be a light bulb' etc. (Rather too easy to match the objects negating the need for deduction lanauge)
Close up pictures of everyday objects. Objects listed below.Ss must say,'It oould be a light bulb' etc. (Rather too easy to match the objects negating the need for deduction lanauge)
Detective page 42 Page 42
A painting has been stolen from a gallery. Ss look at picture of the room and make deductions. 'He must have escaped through the window' etc.
A painting has been stolen from a gallery. Ss look at picture of the room and make deductions. 'He must have escaped through the window' etc.
18a and 18b He looks nice Page 18
Must, can't might and could for deductions about the present. Students match picures (line drawings) with jobs.
Must, can't might and could for deductions about the present. Students match picures (line drawings) with jobs.
38 Speculation Page 38
Deductions about present and past. 8 picture cards. Ss make deductions : (smiling woman holding letter - 'She must have had some good news' etc.)
Deductions about present and past. 8 picture cards. Ss make deductions : (smiling woman holding letter - 'She must have had some good news' etc.)
19b & c Unsolved mysteries Page 19
(19b) Students read out short texts about five unsolved mysteries and speculate about possible explanations. (19c) Read and match explanations with mysteries.
(19b) Students read out short texts about five unsolved mysteries and speculate about possible explanations. (19c) Read and match explanations with mysteries.
